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The Greys, also known as Roswell aliens (eyes) -- Zetas (zero point) -- and Reticulians (reptiles, snakes, coiling, spiraling DNA), are extraterrestrial life forms that allegedly appear in modern UFO conspiracy theories and other UFO-related paranormal phenomena. They make up approximately 75% of all aliens reported in the US, 20% of all aliens reported in Mainland Europe, and 12% of all aliens reported in Britain. In American popular culture they have replaced little green men as the most typical extraterrestrial life form experienced in abduction and in general seen in eye-witness accounts.
Typically, Greys are described as being approximately 4 feet tall, with grey (sometimes blue-grey/green-grey) skin. Their body is typically described as being elongated, and lacking in muscular definition. Their legs are shorter and jointed differently than one would expect in a human, giving them an apparently awkward gait. Their arms often reach down to their knees, and some accounts give them three digits, or three digits and a thumb on each hand. They have a bulbous, hairless head supported by a thin neck, which is dominated by large black lidless eyes. They typically have small flat noses, small mouths and small ears lacking a pinna. In some cases, Greys are said to have slit-like nostrils on a flat face.
Some accounts have Greys wearing tight neutral colored uniform-like jumpsuits. Other reports have them appearing to be naked. In most cases, clothed Greys have no determinable gender and naked Greys have no visible external genitals.
1890-1950
Although the exact appearance of the Grey has varied with time and media, the overall concept of "a thin diminutive grey figure with a bulbous bald head, large almond shape eyes, and minimal facial features", has existed in popular culture for over 100 years. Grey-like beings have appeared in numerous science fiction stories from the late 19th century onwards; including H.G. Wells' Of a Book Unwritten, The Man of the Year Million; in which Wells writes about the hypothesis that the increasing industrialization of society would lead to humans developing into Grey like beings with shrunken bodies and enlarged brains, and his 1901 book The First Men in the Moon in which he describes the moon dwelling Selenites as being short, grey skinned creatures, with high foreheads, no nose, and bulging eyes who walked with a strange gait due to their oddly articulated legs.
The concept was continued in comics and science fiction magazines into the early 20th century, including such works as David H. Keller's The Conquerors, which was serialized in the Wonder stories, starting in 1929 December.
1950-1960
In the wake of the Kenneth Arnold sightings, the 1950s saw an increased public awareness of ETH and Flying saucer in America; leading to a corresponding increase in the appearance of Grey-like creatures in cinema and television.
1960-1970
Until the 1960s, the image of the Grey primarily existed in popular fiction, but this began to change in 1965 when the Boston Traveler published the purportedly true story of abductees Betty and Barney Hill. The story included details from a hypnosis session, conducted a year earlier by Dr. Benjamin Simon, in which the Hills described being taken aboard a pancake-like craft by small hairless men with no noses and slanted eyes that wrapped around to the sides of their heads.
Coincidentally on the 10th of February 1964; 12 days prior to the Hill's undergoing hypnosis, the science fiction series The Outer Limits ran an episode entitled "The Bellero Shield", which featured a hairless, noseless alien with a bulbous head and 'wrap-around eyes'.
However, these similarities of greys to the TV episode being are disputed, mainly because the TV being is as tall as a human, does not have a very big head, his eyes are not that big, has no black eyes, and has a glowing body. Furthermore, Betty Hill maintained that she had not seen the Outer Limits, and said that it was unlikely that her husband had seen the episode, because he would either have been working, or performing community activities, during the series' time slot.
In 1968, Greys became associated with the Zeta Reticuli system, after amateur astronomer Marjorie Fish compared a Star Map drawn by Betty Hill to astronomical charts, and determined that the twelve stars depicted on the map showed the aliens home to be a planet in the Zeta Reticuli system, situated approximately 39 light years from Earth. This lead to Greys sometimes being referred to as 'Zetas' or 'Reticulians' in popular culture.
1970-1980
In 1977, Director Steven Spielberg chose Greys as the alien protagonist for his film Close Encounters of the Third Kind. The Greys have since become the archetypal image of an alien for many UFO believers and science fiction fans.
1980-1990
During the early 1980s Greys were linked to the alleged crash landing of a flying saucer in Roswell New Mexico, in 1947, by a number of publications which contained statements from witnesses who claimed to have seen the US military handling a number of unusually proportioned, bald, child-sized corpses. The witnesses claimed that the corpses had over-sized heads and slanted eyes - but scant other facial features - during and after the incident.
In 1987 popular novelist Whitley Strieber published the book Communion, in which he describes a number of close encounters he purports to have experienced with Greys and other extraterrestrial beings. The book became a New York Times bestseller and inspired a number of sequels.
1990-Present Day
During the 1990s, popular culture began to increasingly link Greys to a number of Military-industrial complex/New World Order conspiracies.
Arguably, the most well known of these was The X-Files, which first screened in 1993. It combined the quest to find proof of the existence of Grey-like extraterrestrials with a number of UFO conspiracy theory subplots, in order to form its primary story arc. Other notable examples include Dark Skies; first broadcast in 1996, which expanded upon the MJ-12 conspiracy, and Stargate SG-1 which in the 1998 episode "Thor's Chariot" introduced the Asgard, a race of Greys who visited ancient Earth masquerading as characters from Norse Mythology.
The portrayal of Greys in the media took a slightly different turn in 1995 when film maker Ray Santilli claimed to have obtained 22 reels of 16mm film that depicted the autopsy of a real life Grey that was said to have been recovered from the site of the 1947 incident in Roswell, New Mexico.
However, in 2006 Santilli announced that the film was not original, but was instead a Reconstruction created after the original film was found to have degraded. He maintained that a real Grey had been found and autopsied on camera in 1947, and that the footage released to the public contained a percentage of that original footage, but he was not able to say what that percentage was.